Japanese Grammar – て-form of Adjectives

Japanese Grammar – て- Form of adjectives – Review Notes

Today we will learn how to make the て-form (te-form) of adjectives in order to connect them like “and” in a sentence!

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Last Grammar Lesson:

★　Last time we learned how to connect verb phrases using the て-form (te-form) of verbs.

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Today’s Lesson: Connect Adjectives

★　Today we will learn how to connect adjectives using て-form.

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How to make て-form of Adjectives:

★　First, we must learn how to change adjectives to て-form (te-form).

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Review: Types of Japanese Adjectives

★　As we learned in a previous lesson, there are two types of adjectives in Japanese: い-adjectives (i-adjectives) and な-adjectives (na-adjectives)

★　To make the て-form of an い-adjective, just take off い (i) and add くて (kute)

★　For example, 甘い (amai) -sweet – becomes 甘くて (amakute).

★　To connect two or more adjectives in a sentence, just change the first adjective into て-form (te-form).

★　This example sentence uses two adjectives: 甘い (amai) – sweet – and おいしい (oishii) – delicious.

★　Notice that 甘い (amai) was changed to て-form, but おいしい (oishii) maintained its original form.

★　To change a な-adjective (na-adjective) to て-form, just add で (de) to the simple form of the adjective (don’t add な to the end).

★　For example, 静か (shizuka) – quiet – becomes 静かで (shizuka de).

★　Just like withい-adjectives, you only have to change the first adjective to て-form to connect them.

★　This example sentence uses two adjectives: 静か (shizuka) – quiet – and 安全 (anzen) – safe.

★　Notice that 静か (shizuka) was changed to て-form, but 安全 (anzen) maintained its original form.

★　In this sentence, we added な (na) after 安全 (anzen) because it comes before the noun it is modifying (所 – tokoro – place).

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Connecting い- and な-adjectives:

★　You can also connect い-adjectives with な-adjectives and vice versa.

★　This example has the な-adjective 真面目 (majime – serious) come first, followed by the い-adjective 賢い (kashikoi – clever).

★　However, you could also switch the order of the adjectives as long as you change the first adjective in the sentence to て-form.

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Additional Information:

★　て-form can be used multiple times in a sentence to connect several adjectives. For example:

彼は優しくて、面白くて、かっこいいです。

Kare wa yasashikute, omoshirokute, kakkoii desu.

He is kind, funny, and cool.

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Additional Examples:

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子猫は小さくて可愛いです。

Koneko wa chiisakute kawaii desu.

Kittens are small and cute.

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この本は難しくておもしろくありません。

Kono hon wa muzukashikute omoshiroku arimasen.

This book is difficult and not interesting.

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Conclusion:

That’s it for today’s Japanese grammar lesson! If you have any questions, please leave a comment below!

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